Answer the “So What” Question: The Human Readiness Level Scale Standard (ANSI/HFES 400-2021)

Dr. Judi See has been employed as a systems analyst and human factors engineer at Sandia National Laboratories in Albuquerque, New Mexico, since 2010. Before coming to the laboratories, she worked for 16 years as a Department of Defense contractor. Dr. See led the writing committee that developed a formal technical standard for the Human Readiness Levels scale. Throughout her career, she has published research in the areas of vigilance, target detection, signal detection theory, visual inspection, mental workload, and human readiness levels. Dr. See has master’s and doctorate degrees in Experimental Psychology (Human Factors), a master of engineering degree in Systems Engineering, and professional certification in human factors and ergonomics.

Holly A. H. Handley is an Associate Professor in the Engineering Management and System Engineering Department of Old Dominion University (ODU).  Her research focuses on developing models and methodologies to better represent the human component during the architecting and design of socio-technical systems. She is the author of The Human Viewpoint for System Architectures along with over 75 publications on topics of human system engineering.  She received her PhD from George Mason University in 1999 and is a Licensed Professional Engineer. Her education includes a BS in Electrical Engineering from Clarkson College (1984), a MS in Electrical Engineering from the University of California at Berkeley (1987) and a MBA from the University of Hawaii (1995). Prior to joining ODU, Dr. Handley worked as a Design Engineer for Raytheon Company (1984-1993) and as a Senior Engineer for Pacific Science & Engineering Group (2002-2010). Dr. Handley is a member of the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE) Senior Grade, the International Council on System Engineers (INCOSE) and the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society. She is currently the chair of the IEEE Systems Council Women in Systems Engineering Committee and was recently named an HFES Science Policy Fellow (2018) and ODU Provost Fellow (2020).